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The purpose of this research was to examine the lived experiences of individuals who had cancer as children, as well as lived experiences of their current primary support persons.
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Oral health care is an integral component of interprofessional collaborative care for children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer. The current review highlights the phases of cancer therapy when dental interventions and palliat...
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Oral health care is an integral component of interprofessional collaborative care for children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer. The current review highlights the phases of cancer therapy when dental interventions and palliative care are necessary for children diagnosed with cancer. Contemporary research and review articles pertinent to the oral and dental complications during pediatric cancer therapy and late effects in pediatric cancer survivors were identified by PubMed/MEDLINE search. Best practice guidelines set forth by specialty organizations were also included. The literature search was limited to articles published in the English language. Baseline oral and dental health assessment should occur before initiation of cancer therapy to prevent debilitating complications during the immunosuppressed phase. Counseling on preventive oral health practices is imperative during cancer treatment. Ideally, all dental treatment should be completed before initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Palliative care and treatment for mucositis, opportunistic oral infections, pain, and other oral complications associated with cancer therapy should be provided as necessary. Survivors of childhood cancers present with unique craniofacial and dental anomalies, dependent on the type of cancer treatment and age at the time of treatment. Pediatric dentists and pediatric oncology teams work collaboratively to screen for and treat dental and oral diseases. As the survival rates of childhood cancers improve, it is essential for the dental profession to provide the individualized care necessary for this vulnerable population. The oral health profession also reinforces health practices congruent with cancer prevention and cancer screening.
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Background: Little is known about the composition, availability, integration, communication, perceived barriers, and work load of pediatric palliative care (PPC) providers serving children and adolescents with cancer. Objective: T...
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Background: Little is known about the composition, availability, integration, communication, perceived barriers, and work load of pediatric palliative care (PPC) providers serving children and adolescents with cancer. Objective: To summarize the structure and services of programs to better understand successes and gaps in implementing palliative care as a standard of care. Methods: Cross-sectional online survey about the palliative care domains determined by the Psychosocial Care of Children with Cancer and Their Families Workgroup. Subjects: A total of 142 surveys were completed with representation from 18 countries and 39 states. Results: Three-fourths of sites reported having a PPC program available for the pediatric cancer population at their center. Over one-fourth (28%) have been in existence less than five years. Fewer than half of sites (44%) offered 24/7 access to palliative care consultations. Neither hospital-based nor local community hospice services were available for pediatric patients at 24% of responding sites. A specific inpatient PPC unit was available at 8% of sites. Criteria for automatic palliative referrals (trigger diagnoses) were reported by 44% respondents. The presence of such triggers increased the likelihood of palliative principle introduction 3.41 times (p<0.003). Six percent of respondents perceived pediatric oncology patients and their families always were introduced to palliative care concepts and 17% reported children and families always received communication about palliative principles. The most prevalent barriers to palliative care were at the provider level. Discussion: Children and adolescents with cancer do not yet receive concurrent palliative care as a universal standard.
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Fertility preservation therapies can conserve future reproductive potential for persons facing serious medical diagnoses. With cure rates for childhood cancer reaching almost 80%, quality-of-life concerns for long-term survivors, ...
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Fertility preservation therapies can conserve future reproductive potential for persons facing serious medical diagnoses. With cure rates for childhood cancer reaching almost 80%, quality-of-life concerns for long-term survivors, including future parenting, are becoming more pertinent. Late effects of childhood cancer can be divided into physical, social, psychological, and spiritual domains. Potential loss of fertility threatens the well-being of these children in all these domains. Providers often hesitate to discuss fertility preservation with the patients. However, parental attitudes toward discussion of fertility preservation have been found to be open to such conversations for both prepubertal and postpubertal children who have a cancer diagnosis. Multiple national and international organizations recommend discussion with all persons having gonadotoxic therapy, including children, regarding the effect of planned treatment on future fertility and their options for fertility preservation. Renal or rheumatologic disease treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide and chromosomal anomalies such as Turner or Klinefelter syndrome may be amenable to fertility preservation. This essay reviews fertility preservation options available to children, as well as the expanding list of indications for fertility preservation.
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Successful management of solid tumors in children requires imaging tests for accurate disease detection, characterization, and treatment monitoring. Technologic developments aim toward the creation of integrated imaging approaches...
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Successful management of solid tumors in children requires imaging tests for accurate disease detection, characterization, and treatment monitoring. Technologic developments aim toward the creation of integrated imaging approaches that provide a comprehensive diagnosis with a single visit. These integrated diagnostic tests not only are convenient for young patients but also save direct and indirect health-care costs by streamlining procedures, minimizing hospitalizations, and minimizing lost school or work time for children and their parents. F-18-FDG PET/CT is a highly sensitive and specific imaging modality for whole-body evaluation of pediatric malignancies. However, recent concerns about ionizing radiation exposure have led to a search for alternative imaging methods, such as whole-body MR imaging and PET/MR. As we develop new approaches for tumor staging, it is important to understand current benchmarks. This review article will synthesize the current literature on F-18-FDG PET/CT for tumor staging in children, summarizing questions that have been solved and providing an outlook on unsolved avenues.
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Introduction: Colon cancer in children and young adults is rare. We sought to compare outcomes and survival between patients 25 years of age with colon cancer.
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Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence and features of pediatric laryngeal malignancies and to review the demographics, management, and survival of pediatric patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma as compared to adult patients.
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Nutrition therapy remains a growing interest within the field of pediatric oncology. With the increasing number of survivors, the focus on nutrition requires a transition from a problem-based response to a proactive evaluation and...
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Nutrition therapy remains a growing interest within the field of pediatric oncology. With the increasing number of survivors, the focus on nutrition requires a transition from a problem-based response to a proactive evaluation and treatment plan. This article provides a comprehensive review of some common problems including malnutrition and assessment of nutrient requirements. The posttherapy effects on bone health, body composition, the gastrointestinal system, and potential modifications to initiate during treatment are examined.
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At most institutions, pediatric urologists play a limited role in the care of children with cancer. Pediatric urologists have a unique experience and skill set to contribute to the care of these patients. Interested pediatric urol...
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At most institutions, pediatric urologists play a limited role in the care of children with cancer. Pediatric urologists have a unique experience and skill set to contribute to the care of these patients. Interested pediatric urologists should become experts in pediatric urologic oncology and demonstrate this interest by participating in tumor board and relevant academic activities. They should advocate for a collaborative approach with pediatric general surgeons in the surgical management of children with genitourinary as such an approach benefits patient care, contributes to professional development of all parties, and develops relationships that contribute to programmatic development for the institution in oncology and other areas. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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